Introduction
The Indus Valley Civilization, one of the world's oldest urban cultures, flourished in the region of present-day Pakistan and northwest India around 2600 BCE. Known for its advanced architecture, urban planning, and social organization, the civilization stands out as a remarkable chapter in human history.
Artifacts such as seals, pottery, and tools offer a glimpse into the life of the ancient Indus people. Their meticulous city layout and drainage systems reflect a sophisticated understanding of urban planning that was unparalleled at the time.