Thales of Miletus

Thales is often considered the first philosopher in the Greek tradition. He is famous for his belief that water is the fundamental substance of all matter.

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Anaximander

Student of Thales, Anaximander is known for his work in cosmology, geography, and biology. He introduced the concept of the Apeiron, or the infinite.

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Heraclitus

Heraclitus argued that change is the fundamental essence of the universe, famously stating that "you cannot step into the same river twice."

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