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René Descartes (1596–1650) was a French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist. Often referred to as the "Father of Modern Philosophy," Descartes is perhaps best known for the philosophical statement, "Cogito, ergo sum" ("I think, therefore I am"). His work laid the groundwork for 17th-century continental rationalism, later advocated by Baruch Spinoza and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz.
Descartes sought to eliminate skepticism by building a system of knowledge grounded in reason. He made significant contributions to geometry, including the Cartesian coordinate system, which influenced everything from algebra to physics.