Momentum is a fundamental concept in physics, representing the quantity of motion an object possesses. It is a vector quantity, having both magnitude and direction, and is calculated as the product of an object's mass and velocity:
Momentum (p) = Mass (m) × Velocity (v)
In a closed system, the total momentum remains constant over time unless acted upon by an external force. This principle is known as the conservation of momentum.
Exploring momentum furthers our understanding of collision and impulse forces as well. For instance, during collisions, the total momentum of the colliding bodies is conserved.